Packet #2846817 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2) to WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	2846817
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x2dc486ae` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-09 04:36:31 UTC
From Node:	Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)
To Node:	WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-24 dBm
SNR:	7.0 dBm
Hop Info:	3/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 0

Payload Data

Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP

Size: 70 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

Route Information

Route Path:	R028-R-868 (R28)
Hop Count:	0 hops
Status:	Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards:	-17.25 dB -3.5 dB
Return Path:	A48-FX Sintra (A48) → R028-R-868 (R28) → CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3) → CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)
SNR Back:	-12.5 dB 0.25 dB -7.0 dB 7.25 dB

Traceroute Steps

Hop	From Node	To Node	Distance	SNR (dB)	Direction	Analysis
1	WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)	R028-R-868 (R28)	2.01 km	-17.25 dB	Origin	Hops
2	R028-R-868 (R28)	Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)	72.81 km	-3.5 dB	Relay	Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached

Return Path Steps

Hop	From Node	To Node	Distance	SNR (dB)	Direction	Analysis
1	Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)	A48-FX Sintra (A48)	67.32 km	-12.5 dB	Return Start	Hops
2	A48-FX Sintra (A48)	R028-R-868 (R28)	5.54 km	0.25 dB	Return Relay	Hops
3	R028-R-868 (R28)	CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)	19.22 km	-7.0 dB	Return Relay	Hops
4	CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)	CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)	1 m	7.25 dB	Return End	Hops

Total Forward Distance

74.82 km

Total Return Distance

92.09 km

Combined Traceroute Graph

Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

Building graph...

Legend & Paths

Nodes

🔄 Router Node

📡 Gateway Node

🚀 Source Node

🎯 Target Node

Connections

RF Link

Gateway Connection

Direct Reception (0 hops)

Packet Paths

Loading paths...

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	70 bytes
Gateway:	!69853560
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!69853560` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (70 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3662953188` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2711049990` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`70` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`70` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	Not set	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-24.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`7.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1773030990` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`68` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1773030991.1739454` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!69853560`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -24.0 dBm SNR: 7.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	70 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [ 3449237639 ], "snr_towards": [ -17.25, -3.5 ], "route_back": [ 3121393100, 3449237639, 1770337632, 1770251076 ], "snr_back": [ -12.5, 0.25, -7.0, 7.25 ], "route_node_names": { "1770337632": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "3662953188": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "1770251076": "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "2711049990": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "3449237639": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "3121393100": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2846817, "timestamp": 1773030991.1739454, "from_node_id": 3662953188, "to_node_id": 2711049990, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!69853560", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 767854254, "rssi": -24, "snr": 7.0, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 70, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a04873097cd1214bbffffffffffffffff01f2ffffffffffffffff011a10ccad0cba873097cd6035856944e383692216ceffffffffffffffff0101e4ffffffffffffffff011d", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1773030990, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 68, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-09 04:36:31", "hop_count": 3, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "to_node_name": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "gateway_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 1770337632, "latitude": 38.948285, "longitude": -9.327907, "altitude": 208, "timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-08 10:44:36", "display_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8", "long_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8", "short_name": "BUW3", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2846817, "from_node_id": 3662953188, "to_node_id": 2711049990, "timestamp": 1773030991.1739454, "gateway_id": "!69853560", "raw_payload": "0a04873097cd1214bbffffffffffffffff01f2ffffffffffffffff011a10ccad0cba873097cd6035856944e383692216ceffffffffffffffff0101e4ffffffffffffffff011d", "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "to_node_name": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 3449237639 ], "snr_towards": [ -17.25, -3.5 ], "route_back": [ 3121393100, 3449237639, 1770337632, 1770251076 ], "snr_back": [ -12.5, 0.25, -7.0, 7.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 2711049990, 3449237639, 3662953188 ], "node_names": [ "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "R028-R-868 (R28)", "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)" ], "snr_values": [ -17.25, -3.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2711049990, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": -17.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 2006.282158367603, "from_location_timestamp": 1773029514.3003993, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 3662953188, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 72811.24492544949, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 3662953188, 3121393100, 3449237639, 1770337632, 1770251076 ], "node_names": [ "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "R028-R-868 (R28)", "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)" ], "snr_values": [ -12.5, 0.25, -7.0, 7.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3662953188, "to_node_id": 3121393100, "from_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "to_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "snr": -12.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 67322.27330959032, "from_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "to_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3121393100, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5543.254960361439, "from_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 1770337632, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 19223.891642383354, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 1770337632, "to_node_id": 1770251076, "from_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.6135254674769358, "from_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "to_location_timestamp": 1772989652.1168873, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 11.5h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 2711049990, 3449237639, 3662953188, 3121393100, 1770337632, 1770251076 ], "node_names": [ "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "R028-R-868 (R28)", "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)" ], "snr_values": [ -17.25, -3.5, -12.5, 0.25, -7.0, 7.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2711049990, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": -17.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 2006.282158367603, "from_location_timestamp": 1773029514.3003993, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 3662953188, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 72811.24492544949, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3662953188, "to_node_id": 3121393100, "from_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "to_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "snr": -12.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 67322.27330959032, "from_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "to_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3121393100, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5543.254960361439, "from_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 1770337632, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 19223.891642383354, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 6, "from_node_id": 1770337632, "to_node_id": 1770251076, "from_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.6135254674769358, "from_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "to_location_timestamp": 1772989652.1168873, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 11.5h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 6 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2) → R028-R-868 (R28) → Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "return_path_display": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2) → A48-FX Sintra (A48) → R028-R-868 (R28) → CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3) → CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "actual_rf_path_display": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2) → R028-R-868 (R28) → Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2) → A48-FX Sintra (A48) → CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3) → CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2711049990, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "WAXTAAN_02-CL-8 (WXT2)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": -17.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 2006.282158367603, "from_location_timestamp": 1773029514.3003993, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 3662953188, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 72811.24492544949, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3662953188, "to_node_id": 3121393100, "from_node_name": "Tomix2-cl-8 (Tmx2)", "to_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "snr": -12.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 67322.27330959032, "from_location_timestamp": 1773026971.3585382, "to_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3121393100, "to_node_id": 3449237639, "from_node_name": "A48-FX Sintra (A48)", "to_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5543.254960361439, "from_location_timestamp": 1773027672.6999872, "to_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3449237639, "to_node_id": 1770337632, "from_node_name": "R028-R-868 (R28)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "snr": -7.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 19223.891642383354, "from_location_timestamp": 1773006900.0114048, "to_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 1770337632, "to_node_id": 1770251076, "from_node_name": "CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3)", "to_node_name": "CR7BUW-8 (7BUW)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.6135254674769358, "from_location_timestamp": 1772966676.4382427, "to_location_timestamp": 1772989652.1168873, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.9h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 11.5h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 74817.52708381708, "total_return_distance": 92090.03343780259 }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!69853560", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3662953188, "to": 2711049990, "id": 767854254, "rx_time": 1773030990, "rx_snr": 7.0, "rx_rssi": -24, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 68, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a04873097cd1214bbffffffffffffffff01f2ffffffffffffffff011a10ccad0cba873097cd6035856944e383692216ceffffffffffffffff0101e4ffffffffffffffff011d", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 3449237639 ], "snr_towards": [ -69, -14 ], "route_back": [ 3121393100, 3449237639, 1770337632, 1770251076 ], "snr_back": [ -50, 1, -28, 29 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (70 bytes)

0a04873097cd1214bbffffffffffffffff01f2ffffffffffffffff011a10ccad0cba873097cd6035856944e383692216ceffffffffffffffff0101e4ffffffffffffffff011d

Hex Analysis:

Size:	70 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
CR7BUW-1-GW-8 (BUW3) Primary	0.000s Reference	-24.0 dBm	7.00 dB	3	LongFast	2026-03-09 04:36:31	Current
A48-FX Sintra (A48)	-23314.443s Before	-115.0 dBm	-12.50 dB	0	LongFast	2026-03-08 22:07:56	View
Filipa-8 (PIPA)	-23308.803s Before	-46.0 dBm	6.00 dB	2	LongFast	2026-03-08 22:08:02	View
Filipa-8 (PIPA)	+0.341s After	-40.0 dBm	6.75 dB	3	LongFast	2026-03-09 04:36:31	View

4

Total Receptions

3

Unique Gateways