Packet #995861 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from AEK1 Huelva (AEK1) to !849a2518

Total Receptions

Unique Gateways

Hop Count

Payload Bytes

Packet Information

Database ID:	995861
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x26be233a` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-06-09 20:48:19 UTC
From Node:	AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)
To Node:	!849a2518 (2518)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	Algarvecomputers (ALGC)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-116 dBm
SNR:	-19.25 dBm
Hop Info:	3/5 hops Start: 5, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`be` MNTF Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Payload Data

Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP

Size: 60 bytes

Decoded: Yes

Decoded Data:

Route Information

Route Path:	Raupulus Base (Rau0) → AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04) → KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO) → MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)
Hop Count:	3 hops
Status:	Incomplete - Final destination not reached
SNR Towards:	-19.0 dB -18.5 dB -8.5 dB -4.0 dB

Route Visualization

Loading route map...

Map shows the geographic path if nodes have shared location data.

Traceroute Steps

Hop	From Node	To Node	Distance	SNR (dB)	Direction	Analysis
1	AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)	Raupulus Base (Rau0)	73.63 km	-19.0 dB	Origin	Hops
2	Raupulus Base (Rau0)	AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)	129.44 km	-18.5 dB	Relay	Hops
3	AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)	KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)	24.10 km	-8.5 dB	Relay	Hops
4	KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)	MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)	6.77 km	-4.0 dB	Relay	Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached

Total Forward Distance

233.94 km

Combined Traceroute Graph

Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

Building graph...

Legend & Paths

Nodes

🔄 Router Node

📡 Gateway Node

🚀 Source Node

🎯 Target Node

Connections

RF Link

Gateway Connection

Direct Reception (0 hops)

Packet Paths

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Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	60 bytes
Gateway:	!49b68c94
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 5

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!49b68c94` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (60 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`49074728` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2224694552` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`TRACEROUTE_APP` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`60` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`5` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-116.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-19.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1781037571` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`8` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`190` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!49b68c94`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -116.0 dBm SNR: -19.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	60 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [ 2271098759, 1342640536, 3953562947, 1803477438 ], "snr_towards": [ -19.0, -18.5, -8.5, -4.0 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [], "route_node_names": { "2224694552": "!849a2518", "3953562947": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "2271098759": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "49074728": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "1342640536": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "1803477438": "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 995861, "timestamp": 1781038099.3623855, "from_node_id": 49074728, "to_node_id": 2224694552, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!49b68c94", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 649995066, "rssi": -116, "snr": -19.25, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 5, "payload_length": 60, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a1087375e87981107504395a6ebbee17e6b1228b4ffffffffffffffff01b6ffffffffffffffff01deffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff01", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1781037571, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 190, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a7e0d28d2ec021518259a8418082a49f75df7b8554ade9dda1047f45692a5c273833b483d3e38f51dd810b4c190b473d68c225bc60b607c82f0bb1e845a6e0c571d51f0bce16975b6ae66dc7beefb0b0606fb49412703ba6c353a23be263d037a286a4500009ac148025001608cffffffffffffffff0178059801be01a8010112084c6f6e67466173741a09213439623638633934", "timestamp_str": "2026-06-09 20:48:19 UTC", "hop_count": 3, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "to_node_name": "!849a2518", "relay_hex": "be", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 1803477438, "node_name": "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹", "hex_id": "!6b7ee1be", "short_name": "MNTF", "last_byte": "be" } ], "gateway_name": "Algarvecomputers (ALGC)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 1236700308, "latitude": 37.093376, "longitude": -8.2051072, "altitude": 71, "timestamp": 1780616689.0611923, "timestamp_str": "2026-06-05 00:44:49", "display_name": "Algarvecomputers", "long_name": "Algarvecomputers", "short_name": "ALGC", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 995861, "from_node_id": 49074728, "to_node_id": 2224694552, "timestamp": 1781038099.3623855, "gateway_id": "!49b68c94", "raw_payload": "0a1087375e87981107504395a6ebbee17e6b1228b4ffffffffffffffff01b6ffffffffffffffff01deffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff01", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 5, "from_node_name": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "to_node_name": "!849a2518", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2271098759, 1342640536, 3953562947, 1803477438 ], "snr_towards": [ -19.0, -18.5, -8.5, -4.0 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward", "node_ids": [ 49074728, 2271098759, 1342640536, 3953562947, 1803477438 ], "node_names": [ "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)" ], "snr_values": [ -19.0, -18.5, -8.5, -4.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 49074728, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -19.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 73634.18632143561, "from_location_timestamp": 1781035567.096809, "to_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 1342640536, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "snr": -18.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 129439.75407919828, "from_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "to_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1342640536, "to_node_id": 3953562947, "from_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "to_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "snr": -8.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 24095.881302430855, "from_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "to_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "from_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3953562947, "to_node_id": 1803477438, "from_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "to_node_name": "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6774.362394979478, "from_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "to_location_timestamp": 1780977978.6403792, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 }, "return_path": null, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "forward_rf", "node_ids": [ 49074728, 2271098759, 1342640536, 3953562947, 1803477438 ], "node_names": [ "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)" ], "snr_values": [ -19.0, -18.5, -8.5, -4.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 49074728, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -19.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 73634.18632143561, "from_location_timestamp": 1781035567.096809, "to_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 1342640536, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "snr": -18.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 129439.75407919828, "from_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "to_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1342640536, "to_node_id": 3953562947, "from_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "to_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "snr": -8.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 24095.881302430855, "from_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "to_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "from_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3953562947, "to_node_id": 1803477438, "from_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "to_node_name": "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6774.362394979478, "from_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "to_location_timestamp": 1780977978.6403792, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": false, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1) → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04) → KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO) → MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)", "return_path_display": null, "actual_rf_path_display": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1) → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04) → KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO) → MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 49074728, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "AEK1 Huelva (AEK1)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -19.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 73634.18632143561, "from_location_timestamp": 1781035567.096809, "to_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 1342640536, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "snr": -18.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 129439.75407919828, "from_location_timestamp": 1780646468.3232894, "to_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1342640536, "to_node_id": 3953562947, "from_node_name": "AlcariaDoCume☀️-RL-🎱🇵🇹 (RL04)", "to_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "snr": -8.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 24095.881302430855, "from_location_timestamp": 1780999572.615616, "to_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "from_location_age_warning": "from 10.7h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3953562947, "to_node_id": 1803477438, "from_node_name": "KOLHF-GW-8🇵🇹 (OLHO)", "to_node_name": "MntFigo-RCL-R-8🇵🇹 (MNTF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6774.362394979478, "from_location_timestamp": 1781034593.4484746, "to_location_timestamp": 1780977978.6403792, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.7h ago" } ], "return_hops": [], "total_forward_distance": 233944.18409804424, "total_return_distance": null }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 49074728, "to": 2224694552, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "ChCHN16HmBEHUEOVpuu+4X5rEii0//////////8Btv//////////Ad7//////////wHw//////////8B", "want_response": true, "dest": 2224694552, "bitfield": 3 }, "id": 649995066, "rx_time": 1781037571, "rx_snr": -19.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -116, "hop_start": 5, "relay_node": 190, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "LongFast", "gateway_id": "!49b68c94" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 49074728, "to": 2224694552, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "ChCHN16HmBEHUEOVpuu+4X5rEii0//////////8Btv//////////Ad7//////////wHw//////////8B", "want_response": true, "dest": 2224694552, "bitfield": 3, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2271098759, 1342640536, 3953562947, 1803477438 ], "snr_towards": [ -76, -74, -34, -16 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 649995066, "rx_time": 1781037571, "rx_snr": -19.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -116, "hop_start": 5, "relay_node": 190, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }

Raw Packet Data (60 bytes)

0a1087375e87981107504395a6ebbee17e6b1228b4ffffffffffffffff01b6ffffffffffffffff01deffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff01

Hex Analysis:

Size:	60 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

All Receptions

All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID

Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
Algarvecomputers (ALGC) Primary	0.000s Reference	-116.0 dBm	-19.25 dB	3	`be` MNTF	LongFast	2026-06-09 20:48:19 UTC	Current
2 hops Gateways that received this packet after 2 hops
Cabanas-GW-🎱🇵🇹 (GLGW)	-529.712s Before	-111.0 dBm	-15.25 dB	2	`98` RL04	LongFast	2026-06-09 20:39:29 UTC	View

2

Total Receptions

2

Unique Gateways