Packet #649443

Database ID:	649443
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xd1d9603b` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-05-14 14:39:00 UTC
From Node:	FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)
To Node:	!6985f9dc (f9dc)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP Port: 70

Gateway:	Santa-Clara-a-Nova-8 (00B1)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-112 dBm
SNR:	-13.25 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`a0` 🗼 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

SNR Towards:	-2.25 dB

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	12 bytes
Gateway:	!4357f26c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:	0 / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!4357f26c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (12 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`485351072` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`1770387932` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`TRACEROUTE_APP` TRACEROUTE_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`12` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-112.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-13.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1778769536` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	True Acknowledgment requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`8` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`160` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Want ack:	`True`
Gateway ID:	`!4357f26c`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -112.0 dBm SNR: -13.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:	12 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ -2.25 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [], "route_node_names": { "485351072": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "1770387932": "!6985f9dc" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 649443, "timestamp": 1778769540.5308542, "from_node_id": 485351072, "to_node_id": 1770387932, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!4357f26c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 3520684091, "rssi": -112, "snr": -13.25, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 12, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "120af7ffffffffffffffff01", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1778769536, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 160, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a4c0da0deed1c15dcf9856918082a17863c99d6fb23e3804e63e6c2e786a74d9d415cdae9b034353b60d9d13d80de056a45000054c1480250016090ffffffffffffffff0178029801a001a8010112084c6f6e67466173741a09213433353766323663", "timestamp_str": "2026-05-14 14:39:00 UTC", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "to_node_name": "!6985f9dc", "relay_hex": "a0", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 485351072, "node_name": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹", "hex_id": "!1ceddea0", "short_name": "🗼", "last_byte": "a0" } ], "gateway_name": "Santa-Clara-a-Nova-8 (00B1)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 1129837164, "latitude": 37.4931456, "longitude": -8.1461248, "altitude": 311, "timestamp": 1778933614.1273575, "timestamp_str": "2026-05-16 13:13:34", "display_name": "Santa-Clara-a-Nova-8", "long_name": "Santa-Clara-a-Nova-8", "short_name": "00B1", "hw_model": "LILYGO_TBEAM_S3_CORE" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 649443, "from_node_id": 485351072, "to_node_id": 1770387932, "timestamp": 1778769540.5308542, "gateway_id": "!4357f26c", "raw_payload": "120af7ffffffffffffffff01", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "to_node_name": "!6985f9dc", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ -2.25 ], "route_back": [], "snr_back": [] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward", "node_ids": [ 485351072 ], "node_names": [ "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)" ], "snr_values": [ -2.25 ], "hops": [], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 0 }, "return_path": null, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "forward_rf", "node_ids": [ 485351072, 1770387932 ], "node_names": [ "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "!6985f9dc" ], "snr_values": [ -2.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 485351072, "to_node_id": 1770387932, "from_node_name": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "to_node_name": "!6985f9dc", "snr": -2.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": true, "total_hops": 1 } }, "has_return_path": false, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼)", "return_path_display": null, "actual_rf_path_display": "FoiaRCL-R-8🇵🇹 (🗼) → !6985f9dc", "forward_hops": [], "return_hops": [], "total_forward_distance": null, "total_return_distance": null }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 485351072, "to": 1770387932, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "Egr3//////////8B", "request_id": 2677611118, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 3520684091, "rx_time": 1778769536, "rx_snr": -13.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -112, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 160, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "LongFast", "gateway_id": "!4357f26c" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 485351072, "to": 1770387932, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "Egr3//////////8B", "request_id": 2677611118, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "snr_towards": [ -9 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 3520684091, "rx_time": 1778769536, "rx_snr": -13.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -112, "hop_start": 2, "relay_node": 160, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }

Raw Packet Data (12 bytes)

120af7ffffffffffffffff01

Hex Analysis:

Size:	12 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Gateway	Time Offset	RSSI	SNR	Hops	Relay	Channel	Timestamp	Actions
Santa-Clara-a-Nova-8 (00B1) Primary	0.000s Reference	-112.0 dBm	-13.25 dB	0	`a0` 🗼	LongFast	2026-05-14 14:39:00 UTC	Current
1 hop Gateways that received this packet after 1 hop
Cabanas-GW-8🇵🇹 (GLGW)	+9953.027s After	-114.0 dBm	-16.75 dB	1	`98` RL04	LongFast	2026-05-14 17:24:53 UTC	View

Packet #649443 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Route Information

Combined Traceroute Graph

Legend & Paths

Nodes

Connections

Packet Paths