Packet #2872305

Database ID:	2872305
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xb95f589f` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-10 14:15:17 UTC
From Node:	MIRLO AZUL🐦🌞 (AZUL)
To Node:	⛰️Bacares⛰️ (TETI)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	ACA-ALMERIA-CLM-868🚶🚲 (JES3)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-108 dBm
SNR:	-9.0 dBm
Hop Info:	3/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 0

Long Name:	MIRLO AZUL🐦🌞
Short Name:	AZUL
Node ID:	!b45ce97a
MAC Address:	/JO0XOl6
Hardware:	XIAO_NRF52_KIT

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	81 bytes
Gateway:	!4710ed0b
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	3 / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!4710ed0b` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (81 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3025987962` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2661393148` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`81` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	Not set	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`3` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-108.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-9.00` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1773152114` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`38` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1773152117.6843853` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!4710ed0b`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -108.0 dBm SNR: -9.00 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	81 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!b45ce97a", "long_name": "MIRLO AZUL🐦🌞", "short_name": "AZUL", "macaddr": "/JO0XOl6", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!4710ed0b", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3025987962, "to": 2661393148, "id": 3110033567, "rx_time": 1773152114, "rx_snr": -9.0, "rx_rssi": -108, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 38, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921623435636539376112124d49524c4f20415a554cf09f90a6f09f8c9e1a04415a554c2206fc93b45ce97a28584220fa4bd8c665be45d2bff4b179063f3c8c8010e54d5667ab80a5c0e17bf322cc3b", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!b45ce97a", "long_name": "MIRLO AZUL🐦🌞", "short_name": "AZUL", "macaddr": "/JO0XOl6", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT", "public_key": "+kvYxmW+RdK/9LF5Bj88jIAQ5U1WZ6uApcDhe/MizDs=", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (81 bytes)

0a0921623435636539376112124d49524c4f20415a554cf09f90a6f09f8c9e1a04415a554c2206fc93b45ce97a28584220fa4bd8c665be45d2bff4b179063f3c8c8010e54d5667ab80a5c0e17bf322cc3b

Hex Analysis:

Size:	81 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2872305 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: