Packet #2776185

Database ID:	2776185
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x0cfd13c2` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-04 18:03:48 UTC
From Node:	Xiao-8 (9f1a)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Xiao-8 (9f1a)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 4

Long Name:	Xiao-8
Short Name:	9f1a
Node ID:	!d2da9f1a
MAC Address:	1THS2p8a
Hardware:	XIAO_NRF52_KIT

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	73 bytes
Gateway:	!d2da9f1a
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!d2da9f1a` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (73 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3537542938` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`73` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`4` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1772647427` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`10` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`26` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1772647428.241177` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!d2da9f1a`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	73 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!d2da9f1a", "long_name": "Xiao-8", "short_name": "9f1a", "macaddr": "1THS2p8a", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!d2da9f1a", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3537542938, "to": 4294967295, "id": 217912258, "rx_time": 1772647427, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 4, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 26, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921643264613966316112065869616f2d381a04396631612206d531d2da9f1a285838014220237c05843d003e1c24cd6e751718bcdca542242c4f8f6410b500d00bac2029784800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!d2da9f1a", "long_name": "Xiao-8", "short_name": "9f1a", "macaddr": "1THS2p8a", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT", "role": "CLIENT_MUTE", "public_key": "I3wFhD0APhwkzW51Fxi83KVCJCxPj2QQtQDQC6wgKXg=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (73 bytes)

0a0921643264613966316112065869616f2d381a04396631612206d531d2da9f1a285838014220237c05843d003e1c24cd6e751718bcdca542242c4f8f6410b500d00bac2029784800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	73 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2776185 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: