Packet #2644452 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1) to A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
43
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2644452
Mesh Packet ID: 0x109d8343
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-10-08 22:23:29 UTC
From Node: MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)
To Node: A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)
Channel: SFNarrow
RSSI: -106 dBm
SNR: 8.25 dBm
Hop Info: 2/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 1
Relay Node: 9a
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 43 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 14.0 dB -3.0 dB
Return Path: AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03) → EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02) → !f0e6509a → Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)
SNR Back: 0.25 dB 8.75 dB 0.5 dB 8.25 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a) A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7) Unknown 14.0 dB Origin Hops
2 A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7) MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1) 65.92 km -3.0 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1) AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03) 145.08 km 0.25 dB Return Start Hops
2 AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03) EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02) 30.60 km 8.75 dB Return Relay Hops
3 EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02) !f0e6509a Unknown 0.5 dB Return Relay Hops
4 !f0e6509a Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL) Unknown 8.25 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
65.92 km
Total Return Distance
175.67 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Receptions
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:43 bytes
Gateway:!8ada7f76
Channel:SFNarrow
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:2 / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !8ada7f76
Node ID format
channel_id SFNarrow
packet MeshPacket (43 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 3371639184
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3734777196
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 43 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -106.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 8.25 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1791498207
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 32
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 154
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: SFNarrow
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !8ada7f76
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -106.0 dBm
SNR: 8.25 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:43 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 3201229559 ], "snr_towards": [ 14.0, -3.0 ], "route_back": [ 3592647921, 2356529823, 4041625754, 2329575286 ], "snr_back": [ 0.25, 8.75, 0.5, 8.25 ], "route_node_names": { "3734777196": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "3371639184": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "3592647921": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "2329575286": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "3201229559": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "4041625754": "!f0e6509a", "2356529823": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2644452, "timestamp": 1791498209.793802, "from_node_id": 3371639184, "to_node_id": 3734777196, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!8ada7f76", "channel_id": "SFNarrow", "mesh_packet_id": 278758211, "rssi": -106, "snr": 8.25, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 43, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a04f7e2cebe120b38f4ffffffffffffffff011a10f17423d69fca758c9a50e6f0767fda8a220401230221", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1791498207, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 154, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a6b0d9021f7c8156c2d9cde18202a36711014751ed03179c5f74eee33f04a90683d2eeb74fd9746cd9dd173bfbf16229312e05dd55798051387f74498344d466d6c168033763543839d103ddf17c86a4500000441480150016096ffffffffffffffff01780398019a01a80101120853464e6172726f771a09213861646137663736", "timestamp_str": "2026-10-08 22:23:29 UTC", "hop_count": 2, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "to_node_name": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "relay_hex": "9a", "relay_candidates": [], "gateway_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2329575286, "latitude": 35.28704, "longitude": -2.9499392, "altitude": 51, "timestamp": 1791525974.3865743, "timestamp_str": "2026-10-09 07:06:14", "display_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo", "long_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo", "short_name": "MEL", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2644452, "from_node_id": 3371639184, "to_node_id": 3734777196, "timestamp": 1791498209.793802, "gateway_id": "!8ada7f76", "raw_payload": "0a04f7e2cebe120b38f4ffffffffffffffff011a10f17423d69fca758c9a50e6f0767fda8a220401230221", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "to_node_name": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 3201229559 ], "snr_towards": [ 14.0, -3.0 ], "route_back": [ 3592647921, 2356529823, 4041625754, 2329575286 ], "snr_back": [ 0.25, 8.75, 0.5, 8.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3734777196, 3201229559, 3371639184 ], "node_names": [ "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)" ], "snr_values": [ 14.0, -3.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3734777196, "to_node_id": 3201229559, "from_node_name": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "to_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "snr": 14.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3201229559, "to_node_id": 3371639184, "from_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "to_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "snr": -3.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65924.24811890798, "from_location_timestamp": 1790390843.9870427, "to_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.8w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 3371639184, 3592647921, 2356529823, 4041625754, 2329575286 ], "node_names": [ "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "!f0e6509a", "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.25, 8.75, 0.5, 8.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3371639184, "to_node_id": 3592647921, "from_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "to_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 145075.70221098265, "from_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "to_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3592647921, "to_node_id": 2356529823, "from_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "to_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 30595.83716122608, "from_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "to_location_timestamp": 1790796859.8878243, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2w ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2356529823, "to_node_id": 4041625754, "from_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "to_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 4041625754, "to_node_id": 2329575286, "from_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "to_node_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3734777196, 3201229559, 3371639184, 3592647921, 2356529823, 4041625754, 2329575286 ], "node_names": [ "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "!f0e6509a", "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)" ], "snr_values": [ 14.0, -3.0, 0.25, 8.75, 0.5, 8.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3734777196, "to_node_id": 3201229559, "from_node_name": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "to_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "snr": 14.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3201229559, "to_node_id": 3371639184, "from_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "to_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "snr": -3.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65924.24811890798, "from_location_timestamp": 1790390843.9870427, "to_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.8w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3371639184, "to_node_id": 3592647921, "from_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "to_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 145075.70221098265, "from_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "to_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3592647921, "to_node_id": 2356529823, "from_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "to_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 30595.83716122608, "from_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "to_location_timestamp": 1790796859.8878243, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2w ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 2356529823, "to_node_id": 4041625754, "from_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "to_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 6, "from_node_id": 4041625754, "to_node_id": 2329575286, "from_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "to_node_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 6 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a) → A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7) → MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "return_path_display": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1) → AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03) → EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02) → !f0e6509a → Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "actual_rf_path_display": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a) → A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7) → MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1) → AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03) → EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02) → !f0e6509a → Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3734777196, "to_node_id": 3201229559, "from_node_name": "A - P4R - 📱 (bb0a)", "to_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "snr": 14.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3201229559, "to_node_id": 3371639184, "from_node_name": "A - Renfe - 🗼🌞 (e2f7)", "to_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "snr": -3.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 65924.24811890798, "from_location_timestamp": 1790390843.9870427, "to_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.8w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3371639184, "to_node_id": 3592647921, "from_node_name": "MU - COLUMBARES 1 🗼☀️ (COL1)", "to_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "snr": 0.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 145075.70221098265, "from_location_timestamp": 1791237906.6751914, "to_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.0d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3592647921, "to_node_id": 2356529823, "from_node_name": "AL - Teti Bacares ⛰️ (AL03)", "to_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "snr": 8.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 30595.83716122608, "from_location_timestamp": 1791800632.456424, "to_location_timestamp": 1790796859.8878243, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.5d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.2w ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2356529823, "to_node_id": 4041625754, "from_node_name": "EA7-AL-002 🍅 (AL02)", "to_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 4041625754, "to_node_id": 2329575286, "from_node_name": "!f0e6509a", "to_node_name": "Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 65924.24811890798, "total_return_distance": 175671.53937220873 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 3371639184, "to": 3734777196, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgT34s6+Egs49P//////////ARoQ8XQj1p/KdYyaUObwdn/aiiIEASMCIQ==", "request_id": 4117027042, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 278758211, "rx_time": 1791498207, "rx_snr": 8.25, "hop_limit": 1, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -106, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 154, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "SFNarrow", "gateway_id": "!8ada7f76" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3371639184, "to": 3734777196, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgT34s6+Egs49P//////////ARoQ8XQj1p/KdYyaUObwdn/aiiIEASMCIQ==", "request_id": 4117027042, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 3201229559 ], "snr_towards": [ 56, -12 ], "route_back": [ 3592647921, 2356529823, 4041625754, 2329575286 ], "snr_back": [ 1, 35, 2, 33 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 278758211, "rx_time": 1791498207, "rx_snr": 8.25, "hop_limit": 1, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -106, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 154, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }
Raw Packet Data (43 bytes)
0a04f7e2cebe120b38f4ffffffffffffffff011a10f17423d69fca758c9a50e6f0767fda8a220401230221
Hex Analysis:
Size:43 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Melilla 🌞 respaldo (MEL) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-106.0 dBm 8.25 dB 2 9a SFNarrow 2026-10-08 22:23:29 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways