Packet #2438708

Database ID:	2438708
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xdcb1b6d9` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-09-20 05:20:51 UTC
From Node:	BA ALANGE TORO (TORO)
To Node:	Juslibol ⛰️📡SFNARROW 29e1 (MA10)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	Ea7ko_e22 (9943)
Channel:	SFNarrow
RSSI:	-125 dBm
SNR:	-7.75 dBm
Hop Info:	5/6 hops Start: 6, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`7d` Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet

Battery:	98%
Voltage:	4.17 V
Channel Usage:	17.8%
Air Util TX:	0.2%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	29 bytes
Gateway:	!d2b59943
Channel:	SFNarrow
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	5 / 6

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (5 hops)
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!d2b59943` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`SFNarrow`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (29 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1447240419` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2070489569` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`TELEMETRY_APP` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`29` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`6` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`5` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-125.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-7.75` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1789881649` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	`32` Channel index	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`125` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	Not set	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: SFNarrow
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (5 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!d2b59943`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -125.0 dBm SNR: -7.75 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	29 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1785687177, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 98, "voltage": 4.165, "channel_utilization": 17.801666, "air_util_tx": 0.19097222, "uptime_seconds": 7233402 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 1447240419, "to": 2070489569, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "payload": "DYlsb2oSFghiFa5HhUAd0GmOQSU5jkM+KPq+uQM=", "request_id": 2039065979, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 3702634201, "rx_time": 1789881649, "rx_snr": -7.75, "hop_limit": 1, "rx_rssi": -125, "hop_start": 6, "relay_node": 125, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "SFNarrow", "gateway_id": "!d2b59943" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1447240419, "to": 2070489569, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "payload": "DYlsb2oSFghiFa5HhUAd0GmOQSU5jkM+KPq+uQM=", "request_id": 2039065979, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1785687177, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 98, "voltage": 4.165, "channel_utilization": 17.801666, "air_util_tx": 0.19097222, "uptime_seconds": 7233402 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } }, "id": 3702634201, "rx_time": 1789881649, "rx_snr": -7.75, "hop_limit": 1, "rx_rssi": -125, "hop_start": 6, "relay_node": 125, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }

Raw Packet Data (29 bytes)

0d896c6f6a1216086215ae4785401dd0698e4125398e433e28fabeb903

Hex Analysis:

Size:	29 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2438708 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics: