Packet #1969018 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from PACA NF (PANF) to H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
1
Hop Count
66
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 1969018
Mesh Packet ID: 0x993af0a4
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-08-16 22:20:05 UTC
From Node: PACA NF (PANF)
To Node: H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)
Channel: SFNarrow
RSSI: -105 dBm
SNR: 9.25 dBm
Hop Info: 1/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 2
Relay Node: 87 Rau0
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 66 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: AEK2 Huelva (AEK2) → !2b39ef06 → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)
Hop Count: 3 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 9.0 dB 2.25 dB 8.25 dB -3.5 dB -4.0 dB
Return Path: Raupulus Base (Rau0) → EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)
SNR Back: -8.0 dB 9.25 dB
Route Visualization

Loading route map...

Map shows the geographic path if nodes have shared location data.
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B) AEK2 Huelva (AEK2) 473 m 9.0 dB Origin Hops
2 AEK2 Huelva (AEK2) !2b39ef06 Unknown 2.25 dB Relay Hops
3 !2b39ef06 Raupulus Base (Rau0) Unknown 8.25 dB Relay Hops
4 Raupulus Base (Rau0) EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡) 7.09 km -3.5 dB Relay Hops
5 EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡) PACA NF (PANF) 111.82 km -4.0 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 PACA NF (PANF) Raupulus Base (Rau0) 109.28 km -8.0 dB Return Start Hops
2 Raupulus Base (Rau0) EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12) 10.41 km 9.25 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
119.39 km
Total Return Distance
119.69 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
· edge width = packets · node size = traffic · square = gateway
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Receptions
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:66 bytes
Gateway:!9e9e1be0
Channel:SFNarrow
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:1 / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !9e9e1be0
Node ID format
channel_id SFNarrow
packet MeshPacket (66 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 4213608724
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3030239363
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 66 bytes size
hop_limit 2
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 1
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -105.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 9.25 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1786918803
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 32
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 135
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: SFNarrow
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !9e9e1be0
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -105.0 dBm
SNR: 9.25 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:66 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 1081427658, 725217030, 2271098759, 2077701681 ], "snr_towards": [ 9.0, 2.25, 8.25, -3.5, -4.0 ], "route_back": [ 2271098759, 2661161952 ], "snr_back": [ -8.0, 9.25 ], "route_node_names": { "2661161952": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "3030239363": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "725217030": "!2b39ef06", "2271098759": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "1081427658": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "2077701681": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "4213608724": "PACA NF (PANF)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 1969018, "timestamp": 1786918805.2122507, "from_node_id": 4213608724, "to_node_id": 3030239363, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!9e9e1be0", "channel_id": "SFNarrow", "mesh_packet_id": 2570776740, "rssi": -105, "snr": 9.25, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 66, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a10ca46754006ef392b87375e873136d77b1217240921f2ffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff011a0887375e87e01b9e9e220be0ffffffffffffffff0125", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1786918803, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 135, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a82010d149126fb1583c89db418202a4d76d4c973b18cfe51b890bd7aa2d08820f1a1c4ebe04f411c6fed48221c669a0504ed5f3ded68bddbaccc6d15a8d513e5be833e3e08703880b907504e6864b87aaddae1ef378010b45e91c241fe35a4f03a993d9337826a4500001441480250016097ffffffffffffffff01780398018701a80101120853464e6172726f771a09213965396531626530", "timestamp_str": "2026-08-16 22:20:05 UTC", "hop_count": 1, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "to_node_name": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "relay_hex": "87", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2271098759, "node_name": "Raupulus Base", "hex_id": "!875e3787", "short_name": "Rau0", "last_byte": "87" } ], "gateway_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2661161952, "latitude": 36.7824896, "longitude": -6.3270912, "altitude": 127, "timestamp": 1786956716.943051, "timestamp_str": "2026-08-17 09:51:56", "display_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐", "long_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐", "short_name": "CA12", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 1969018, "from_node_id": 4213608724, "to_node_id": 3030239363, "timestamp": 1786918805.2122507, "gateway_id": "!9e9e1be0", "raw_payload": "0a10ca46754006ef392b87375e873136d77b1217240921f2ffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff011a0887375e87e01b9e9e220be0ffffffffffffffff0125", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "to_node_name": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 1081427658, 725217030, 2271098759, 2077701681 ], "snr_towards": [ 9.0, 2.25, 8.25, -3.5, -4.0 ], "route_back": [ 2271098759, 2661161952 ], "snr_back": [ -8.0, 9.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3030239363, 1081427658, 725217030, 2271098759, 2077701681, 4213608724 ], "node_names": [ "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "!2b39ef06", "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "PACA NF (PANF)" ], "snr_values": [ 9.0, 2.25, 8.25, -3.5, -4.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3030239363, "to_node_id": 1081427658, "from_node_name": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "to_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "snr": 9.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 473.3553055974588, "from_location_timestamp": 1786856813.9246645, "to_location_timestamp": 1786807672.733453, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.2h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.3d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1081427658, "to_node_id": 725217030, "from_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "to_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "snr": 2.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 725217030, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2077701681, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 7091.815181306007, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 2077701681, "to_node_id": 4213608724, "from_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "to_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 111821.62061566705, "from_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 5 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 4213608724, 2271098759, 2661161952 ], "node_names": [ "PACA NF (PANF)", "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)" ], "snr_values": [ -8.0, 9.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 4213608724, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -8.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 109284.37318693026, "from_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "to_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2661161952, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 10407.600323080129, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916312.3202562, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3030239363, 1081427658, 725217030, 2271098759, 2077701681, 4213608724, 2661161952 ], "node_names": [ "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "!2b39ef06", "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "PACA NF (PANF)", "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)" ], "snr_values": [ 9.0, 2.25, 8.25, -3.5, -4.0, -8.0, 9.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3030239363, "to_node_id": 1081427658, "from_node_name": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "to_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "snr": 9.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 473.3553055974588, "from_location_timestamp": 1786856813.9246645, "to_location_timestamp": 1786807672.733453, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.2h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.3d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1081427658, "to_node_id": 725217030, "from_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "to_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "snr": 2.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 725217030, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2077701681, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 7091.815181306007, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 2077701681, "to_node_id": 4213608724, "from_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "to_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 111821.62061566705, "from_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" }, { "hop_number": 6, "from_node_id": 4213608724, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -8.0, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 109284.37318693026, "from_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "to_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago" }, { "hop_number": 7, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2661161952, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 10407.600323080129, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916312.3202562, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 7 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B) → AEK2 Huelva (AEK2) → !2b39ef06 → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡) → PACA NF (PANF)", "return_path_display": "PACA NF (PANF) → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "actual_rf_path_display": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B) → AEK2 Huelva (AEK2) → !2b39ef06 → Raupulus Base (Rau0) → EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡) → PACA NF (PANF) → EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3030239363, "to_node_id": 1081427658, "from_node_name": "H-Halcón Milenario (HM@B)", "to_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "snr": 9.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 473.3553055974588, "from_location_timestamp": 1786856813.9246645, "to_location_timestamp": 1786807672.733453, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.2h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.3d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1081427658, "to_node_id": 725217030, "from_node_name": "AEK2 Huelva (AEK2)", "to_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "snr": 2.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 725217030, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "!2b39ef06", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2077701681, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 7091.815181306007, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 2077701681, "to_node_id": 4213608724, "from_node_name": "EA7-CA-018 ☀📡 (📡)", "to_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "snr": -4.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 111821.62061566705, "from_location_timestamp": 1785766867.9652567, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.9w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 4213608724, "to_node_id": 2271098759, "from_node_name": "PACA NF (PANF)", "to_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "snr": -8.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 109284.37318693026, "from_location_timestamp": 1786916869.9996204, "to_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2271098759, "to_node_id": 2661161952, "from_node_name": "Raupulus Base (Rau0)", "to_node_name": "EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 10407.600323080129, "from_location_timestamp": 1786686958.3034368, "to_location_timestamp": 1786916312.3202562, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.7d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.7h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 119386.79110257051, "total_return_distance": 119691.97351001039 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 4213608724, "to": 3030239363, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "ChDKRnVABu85K4c3XocxNtd7EhckCSHy//////////8B8P//////////ARoIhzdeh+Abnp4iC+D//////////wEl", "request_id": 3395858302, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 2570776740, "rx_time": 1786918803, "rx_snr": 9.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -105, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 135, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "SFNarrow", "gateway_id": "!9e9e1be0" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 4213608724, "to": 3030239363, "channel": 32, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "ChDKRnVABu85K4c3XocxNtd7EhckCSHy//////////8B8P//////////ARoIhzdeh+Abnp4iC+D//////////wEl", "request_id": 3395858302, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 1081427658, 725217030, 2271098759, 2077701681 ], "snr_towards": [ 36, 9, 33, -14, -16 ], "route_back": [ 2271098759, 2661161952 ], "snr_back": [ -32, 37 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 2570776740, "rx_time": 1786918803, "rx_snr": 9.25, "hop_limit": 2, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -105, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 135, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }
Raw Packet Data (66 bytes)
0a10ca46754006ef392b87375e873136d77b1217240921f2ffffffffffffffff01f0ffffffffffffffff011a0887375e87e01b9e9e220be0ffffffffffffffff0125
Hex Analysis:
Size:66 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
EA7-CA-012🇪🇦SB🦐 (CA12) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-105.0 dBm 9.25 dB 1 87 Rau0 SFNarrow 2026-08-16 22:20:05 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways