Packet #1938892 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS) to AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
33
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 1938892
Mesh Packet ID: 0x45627f6c
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-08-14 21:08:54 UTC
From Node: Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)
To Node: AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)
Channel: LongFast
RSSI: -94 dBm
SNR: 3.0 dBm
Hop Info: 0/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 3
Relay Node: 49 FAS
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 33 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP) → Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)
Hop Count: 1 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: -11.0 dB 0.0 dB 5.75 dB
Return Path: Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)
SNR Back: 3.0 dB
Route Visualization

Loading route map...

Map shows the geographic path if nodes have shared location data.
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0) RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP) 890 m -11.0 dB Origin Hops
2 RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP) Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) 79.61 km 0.0 dB Relay Hops
3 Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS) 1.84 km 5.75 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS) Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) 1.84 km 3.0 dB Return Start Hops
Total Forward Distance
82.34 km
Total Return Distance
1.84 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
· edge width = packets · node size = traffic · square = gateway
Click a node to focus all receptions through it · click a reception below for its exact route · wheel to zoom · drag background to pan

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Route — …
Receptions
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:33 bytes
Gateway:!b2a7d57c
Channel:LongFast
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:0 / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

FieldValue
gateway_id !b2a7d57c
Node ID format
channel_id LongFast
Default public channel
packet MeshPacket (33 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Canonical MeshPacket view reconstructed from stored protobuf bytes.

FieldValueType
from 352215881
Source node ID 		uint32
to 489604282
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum TRACEROUTE_APP
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 33 bytes size
hop_limit 3
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -94.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 3.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1786741716
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel 8
Channel index 		uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 73
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp Not set uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Default channel - no encryption
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !b2a7d57c
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -94.0 dBm
SNR: 3.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:33 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2956702360, 2997343612 ], "snr_towards": [ -11.0, 0.0, 5.75 ], "route_back": [ 2997343612 ], "snr_back": [ 3.0 ], "route_node_names": { "2956702360": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "352215881": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "489604282": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "2997343612": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 1938892, "timestamp": 1786741734.132124, "from_node_id": 352215881, "to_node_id": 489604282, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!b2a7d57c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 1164083052, "rssi": -94, "snr": 3.0, "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 33, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0898b23bb07cd5a7b2120cd4ffffffffffffffff0100171a047cd5a7b222010c", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1786741716, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 73, "tx_after": 0, "raw_service_envelope": "0a600d4963fe1415bac42e1d18082a2c8eab2ad526bbcd47c6066b2aed582d9b8e7340aa72196dec1dd21ef1e32ea5c0daab75fc3e896d0e2d446278356c7f62453dd4837f6a45000040404803500160a2ffffffffffffffff017803980149a8010112084c6f6e67466173741a09216232613764353763", "timestamp_str": "2026-08-14 21:08:54 UTC", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "to_node_name": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "relay_hex": "49", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 352215881, "node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8", "hex_id": "!14fe6349", "short_name": "FAS", "last_byte": "49" } ], "gateway_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2997343612, "latitude": 39.190528, "longitude": -8.257536, "altitude": 178, "timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "timestamp_str": "2026-08-12 16:49:09", "display_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹", "long_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹", "short_name": "JPC", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 1938892, "from_node_id": 352215881, "to_node_id": 489604282, "timestamp": 1786741734.132124, "gateway_id": "!b2a7d57c", "raw_payload": "0a0898b23bb07cd5a7b2120cd4ffffffffffffffff0100171a047cd5a7b222010c", "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "to_node_name": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2956702360, 2997343612 ], "snr_towards": [ -11.0, 0.0, 5.75 ], "route_back": [ 2997343612 ], "snr_back": [ 3.0 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 489604282, 2956702360, 2997343612, 352215881 ], "node_names": [ "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)" ], "snr_values": [ -11.0, 0.0, 5.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 489604282, "to_node_id": 2956702360, "from_node_name": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "to_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "snr": -11.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 889.5795833344459, "from_location_timestamp": 1786680667.3576858, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2956702360, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 79607.19975090657, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2997343612, "to_node_id": 352215881, "from_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "to_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "snr": 5.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "to_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 352215881, 2997343612 ], "node_names": [ "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)" ], "snr_values": [ 3.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 352215881, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 3.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 489604282, 2956702360, 2997343612, 352215881 ], "node_names": [ "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)" ], "snr_values": [ -11.0, 0.0, 5.75, 3.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 489604282, "to_node_id": 2956702360, "from_node_name": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "to_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "snr": -11.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 889.5795833344459, "from_location_timestamp": 1786680667.3576858, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2956702360, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 79607.19975090657, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2997343612, "to_node_id": 352215881, "from_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "to_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "snr": 5.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "to_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 352215881, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 3.0, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0) → RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP) → Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) → Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "return_path_display": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS) → Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "actual_rf_path_display": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0) → RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP) → Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) → Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 489604282, "to_node_id": 2956702360, "from_node_name": "AFM0-GW-8🇵🇹 (AFM0)", "to_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "snr": -11.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 889.5795833344459, "from_location_timestamp": 1786680667.3576858, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "from_location_age_warning": "from 17.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2956702360, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "RDPP-R01-GW-8🇵🇹 (RDPP)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 79607.19975090657, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549748.9613512, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 2997343612, "to_node_id": 352215881, "from_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "to_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "snr": 5.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "to_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "from_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 352215881, "to_node_id": 2997343612, "from_node_name": "Foros Arrão☀🇵🇹-GT-8 (FAS)", "to_node_name": "Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC)", "snr": 3.0, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1844.0181430827554, "from_location_timestamp": 1786718869.7490478, "to_location_timestamp": 1786549749.3118405, "from_location_age_warning": "from 6.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.2d ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 82340.79747732377, "total_return_distance": 1844.0181430827554 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "packet": { "from": 352215881, "to": 489604282, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgiYsjuwfNWnshIM1P//////////AQAXGgR81aeyIgEM", "request_id": 2698989392, "bitfield": 1 }, "id": 1164083052, "rx_time": 1786741716, "rx_snr": 3.0, "hop_limit": 3, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -94, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 73, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" }, "channel_id": "LongFast", "gateway_id": "!b2a7d57c" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 352215881, "to": 489604282, "channel": 8, "decoded": { "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "payload": "CgiYsjuwfNWnshIM1P//////////AQAXGgR81aeyIgEM", "request_id": 2698989392, "bitfield": 1, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2956702360, 2997343612 ], "snr_towards": [ -44, 0, 23 ], "route_back": [ 2997343612 ], "snr_back": [ 12 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } }, "id": 1164083052, "rx_time": 1786741716, "rx_snr": 3.0, "hop_limit": 3, "want_ack": true, "rx_rssi": -94, "hop_start": 3, "relay_node": 73, "transport_mechanism": "TRANSPORT_LORA" } }
Raw Packet Data (33 bytes)
0a0898b23bb07cd5a7b2120cd4ffffffffffffffff0100171a047cd5a7b222010c
Hex Analysis:
Size:33 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Lonlis Casa-GW-8🇵🇹 (JPC) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-94.0 dBm 3.00 dB 0 49 FAS LongFast 2026-08-14 21:08:54 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways